How can this information be used?

To minimise the hydrodynamic drag on the body coming out of the turn a number of technique parameters can be manipulated.

 -   To optimise the velocity of the glide the body should adopt a streamline position. The arms should be extended in front of the head, with the head tilted down to minimise wave and form drag. The waist and hips should be kept high to minimise the pitch angle, and the legs should be kept together with the feet pointed to maintain body alignment.

 -   In regards to glide depth Blazevich (2012, p. 159) explains that wave drag is present at the interface of the water and the air as the swimmer pushes through the water. At the point of the turn wave drag increases, particularly when multiple swimmers are turning. Shallow gliding can result in contact with the wave drag and this can slow the swimmer down. However, gliding too deep will also slow the swimmer down and consume a high amount of energy as the swimmer makes their way back to the surface.

 -   Blanksby, Elliott, Lloyd and Lyttle (2000, p. 801) determined that no one kick or position of the body during the streamline phase was more advantageous than the other. However, when considering what kick to exit the streamline phase with keep in mind that the amplitude of the leg kick should be as small as possible as increasing the kick amplitude increases the frontal surface area and therefore increases form drag. Regardless of what type of kick is preferred to exit the streamline with it should be a small, yet powerful, kick as this reduces wave (and total) drag.

 -   In regards to breathing, push through the pain barrier. The last breath should be taken before the final stroke cycle and another inspiration should not be made until the stroke cycle has resumed. Harnessing the momentum of the turn should be the first priority, and the faster the turn is completed the faster breathing can resume!